How to Grow Citronella (Mosquito Repellant Plant)

Citronella, a member of the geranium family, is widely known for its citrus-scented foliage and its ability to repel mosquitoes.

Beyond its practical use, citronella is also a beautiful addition to any garden, with lush green leaves that can be used for making essential oils, soaps, and candles.

If you’re ready to bring this versatile plant into your garden or home, here’s everything you need to know to grow citronella successfully.

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Planting Citronella

Methods of Planting

Citronella can be grown as an annual or perennial, depending on your climate. You can plant it using seeds, root divisions, or transplants.

While seeds are an option, they can lose viability quickly, so transplants or root divisions are generally more reliable and easier for beginners.

Ideal Planting Time

For outdoor planting, wait until spring, after the last frost has passed and the soil has warmed. If you prefer container planting, citronella can be started indoors at any time of the year.

Light and Water Requirements

Sunlight

Citronella thrives in zones 9 to 12, where winters are mild. It requires at least six hours of sunlight daily, but it also appreciates some afternoon shade in particularly hot climates. For optimal growth, place it in a location with morning sun and afternoon shade.

Water and Soil

This plant loves well-drained soil with a pH around 6.5. It needs consistent moisture but dislikes wet roots. If your garden soil tends to retain water, consider planting on a slope or raised bed to encourage natural drainage.

In containers, always use a potting mix with excellent drainage to prevent root rot.

Growing Citronella in Containers

Citronella is an excellent candidate for container gardening, especially if you live in a cooler climate. Planting citronella in pots allows you to move the plant indoors when temperatures drop.

Choose a pot with a diameter of at least 12 inches.
Use a well-draining potting mix.
Apply a liquid fertilizer once a month to provide the nutrients citronella needs to thrive.

Container-grown citronella tends to stay smaller than in-ground plants, making it easier to manage.

Planting Techniques

From Seed

If you’re using seeds, start them in small pots with a seed-starting mix. Keep the temperature steady around 64°F using a heating mat if necessary. Once the seedlings are about three inches tall, transfer them to a permanent location in your garden or a larger container.

Root Division

To propagate citronella from root division:

Dig up the plant in late fall.
Loosen the soil around the roots and cut them into equal sections.
Replant each section into a new pot or a separate location in your garden.

This method is straightforward and ensures healthy, fast-growing plants.

Transplants

Transplanted citronella plants can grow up to 6 feet tall and 3 feet wide in the right conditions. Prepare the soil with plenty of organic matter and a balanced fertilizer before planting. Ensure at least two feet of space between plants to allow for proper airflow and growth.

Caring for Citronella Grass

Fertilizing

Citronella is a hungry plant that benefits from regular feeding. Use a general-purpose fertilizer high in nitrogen to support its lush growth. For established plants, fertilize in early spring to give them a strong start to the growing season.

Watering

These plants thrive on consistent moisture. Allow the top inch of soil to dry out slightly before watering again. Be cautious not to let the soil become soggy, as citronella roots are prone to rot in overly wet conditions.

Pruning

While citronella grass grows thick and bushy, it requires minimal pruning. Remove yellowing or dead leaves to redirect the plant’s energy toward healthy growth. Regular trimming can also help maintain the plant’s shape and size, especially in containers.

Benefits of Growing Citronella

Citronella is not only a natural mosquito repellent but also a stunning addition to any garden. Its fragrant leaves can keep annoying pests like whiteflies at bay, while its essential oils can be used in DIY soaps, candles, or sprays.

Whether you’re looking to enhance your outdoor space or keep your home bug-free, citronella is a practical and beautiful choice.

Final Thoughts

Growing citronella is a rewarding experience that combines function and beauty. With the right care—plenty of sunlight, well-drained soil, and consistent watering—this plant can thrive in your garden or home.

Whether you’re using citronella to repel mosquitoes or simply enjoying its fresh citrus fragrance, it’s an easy and beneficial addition to your green space. Happy planting!